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Abasic site processing protein HMCES

Sensor of abasic sites in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) required to preserve genome integrity by promoting error-free repair of abasic sites. Acts as an enzyme that recognizes and binds abasic sites in ssDNA at replication forks and chemically modifies the lesion by forming a covalent cross-link with DNA: forms a stable thiazolidine linkage between a ring-opened abasic site and the alpha-amino and sulfhydryl substituents of its N-terminal catalytic cysteine residue. The HMCES DNA-protein cross-link is then either reversed or degraded. HMCES is able to catalyze the reversal of its thiazolidine cross-link and cycle between a cross-link and a non-cross-linked state depending on DNA context: mediates self-reversal of the thiazolidine cross-link in double stranded DNA, allowing APEX1 to initiate downstream repair of abasic sites. The HMCES DNA-protein cross-link can also be degraded by the SPRTN metalloprotease following unfolding by the BRIP1/FANCJ helicase. Acts as a protease: mediates autocatalytic processing of its N-terminal methionine in order to expose the catalytic cysteine.

AlphaFold DB , UniProt , Accession A0A096NPF5, Species PAPAN (Papio anubis, Olive baboon), Gene HMCES, Length 354 aa.